康熙十九年,清朝平定“三藩”叛乱的战争历时七年,已经取得决定性的胜利,康熙皇帝在养心殿大宴百官,气氛热烈,施琅起身向皇帝起奏,国家尚未统一,庆祝为时尚早,建议平叛军队全线东移,大兵压阵,解决台湾问题。施琅的奏疏遭到反对。康熙二十年,侍卫冯锡范和唐妃互相勾结,在台湾北园别馆制造骨肉相残的同时,挟持年幼的延平王郑克塽,控制台湾大权,他们持海自固,多次拒绝清廷招抚和谈,阴谋“自立乾坤”。董太妃以年迈之躯,支撑着台湾风雨飘摇的局面,凛然宣布:“自立乾坤,分裂国土,我至死不为!若有再提自立乾坤者,杀无赦!”从台湾进入京城的朱霖、阿鳗串小巷潜行到施琅家府,匆匆交给施世伦一封信,便消失在夜幕中。当晚两人均被九门提督捕获。次日,京城午门木榜告示:经刑部审议明日斩首台湾奸细朱霖、阿鳗。施琅闻讯十分震惊,决定以一位内大臣身份闯刑场。“台湾奸细案”和“施琅闯入刑场案”果然惊动朝廷,康熙皇帝发出谕旨:在刑部审讯施琅,宣谕贝勒奈溚、康亲王杰书为审理官。九月五日施琅被押进刑部大堂,他大声呼喊:暗通关节者,朝廷确有其人,但不是施琅,而是贝勒奈溚,并从怀中取出书信高声喊道,这封书信就是两年前贝勒奈溚写给台湾冯锡范的,在信里,贝勒奈溚允许台湾自立乾坤,康熙皇帝的突然到来,令刑部大厅堂的人全都惊呆。康熙皇帝怒斥:谁敢分裂江山社稷,应和台湾自立乾坤者,此剑为例。施琅与奈溚从此结下私仇。内太臣施琅因剿寓抚,以战逼和的对台方略,得到朝廷重臣李光地等人的支持,康熙皇帝十分赏识,起用施琅为福建水师提督。施琅提请侍卫吴奇爵同行并申述其理由,康熙皇帝允诺。施琅抵达福建上任,引起台湾冯锡范自立乾坤的主要追随者洪旭等人的不安和惊恐,密议应对之策,几天后刘国轩出征前往澎湖,准备以战争决胜负。康熙二十一年三月施琅在制定进取澎台的作战方案时,与福建总督姚启圣产生了全面的分歧。八月康熙皇帝在“御门听政”早朝中,把“进军澎台”的专征权交给了施琅。出征前夕,施琅将全家十几口少不更事的孩子,派送各条战船,以示征战的决心。康熙二十二年六月,施琅指挥战船三百多艘,将领士卒三万多人从铜山港出发,乘南风之势,进军澎湖。澎湖决战,经过五个时辰的激烈战斗,以清军的胜利而结束。澎湖失守,水军覆没,台湾失去屏障,延平王召集百官商议台湾的去向,百官批驳了“血战到底”和洪旭的“弃岛计划”,同意了刘国轩提出议和则保全,再战必覆灭的观点,年幼的延平王郑克塽在关键时刻果断决定,由刘国轩负责与清廷议和。八月十三日,施琅率精兵登陆鹿耳门,直抵龙亭。八月十五日,台湾归清的隆重典礼在孔庙门前广场举行,施琅宣谕了康熙皇帝对台湾归顺清朝的圣诏。八月二十二日施琅拜谒郑成功祠,焚香顶礼含泪祭告,神情怆然。康熙二十二年十一月,鉴于台湾权力移交已经完成,施琅和他的船队顺利回到厦门。郑克塽被清廷授予爵位,其亲属也被授予三品、四品官职,刘国轩则被授予天津总兵。康熙二十三年四月,皇帝下诏,台湾设一府三县,下令屯兵镇守台湾。施琅继续留任福建水师提督。康熙三十五年二月,施琅病逝,享年七十六岁。
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