宫廷画师郎世宁第07集

康熙末年,意大利传教士郎世宁来到中国,以其绘画技能任职于宫廷,担任待诏画师。喜爱西洋技艺的康熙皇帝对西洋画的写实技能深为赞许。他要求郎世宁学习中国画的意蕴,以便更好地为宫廷服务。\r\n在学习中国画的同时,郎世宁还奉旨在宫内为中国画师开设了西洋写真课。为保证讲课的效果,他坚持要画人体模特。此事惊世骇俗,大度的康熙批示\"不许画男,亦不许画女\"。让他带学生在秘室画了裸体的太监。\r\n来华之前,郎世宁曾在葡萄牙王室专为王后和公主画像。而在清宫他却不能为女性作画。他对此迷惑不解。康熙的幼女、年轻美丽的七格格偶尔从他面前走过,七格格活泼的身影吸引了郎世宁的注目,他偷偷地给七格格画起了速写。七格格发现了他的举动,很想看他是如何画自己的。有一天康熙终于下诏让郎世宁给七格格画像,原来康熙要将七格格远嫁西疆去和亲。七格格泪眼相视,郎世宁无法下笔……\r\n而宫里一场激烈且微妙的夺嫡斗争就在郎世宁身边展开。他在奉诏为皇室画像时,往往深陷于这场斗争之中而自己却浑然不觉。\r\n十四阿哥出征西疆,康熙授予他金甲以状声色。而十四阿哥迫不及待地穿上它,偷偷让郎世宁画像,俨然要君临天下。\r\n康熙去热河狩猎,他带着最喜爱的孙子弘历(后为乾隆)一起射杀了一只大熊。而四阿哥(后为雍正)刺死了一只老虎。康熙让郎世宁将两件事画在一幅图上。实际上,这是一幅隔代传位图。康熙不仅是想传位给四阿哥,也希望四阿哥将来传位给弘历。\r\n该画不该画的,郎世宁都画了。他的画像所传达的康熙或其皇子的意图,以及皇子们的荣辱兴衰,比画像本身更令朝野关注。\r\n雍正即位,郎世宁因给十四阿哥画穿金甲的\"僭越\"像,身陷囹圄。雍正并以此画为谋反证据,制服了与他作对的八阿哥和十四阿哥。然后,雍正又因郎世宁画\"传位图\"有功,赦免了他,并封他为宫廷供奉画师。\r\n此时郎世宁才幡然猛醒,原来他的绘画应更切合宫廷政治的需要,而不仅仅是体现一种艺术的追求。雍正即位引起非议,他曲意迎合雍正所好,主动进献他融贯中西的新作如\"聚瑞图\"等,表明雍正登基天降祥瑞,以搏雍正的欢心。\r\n但在内心深处,郎世宁却倍感压抑。与康熙的宽容与大度相比,雍正显得严厉而苛刻。郎世宁因替同事收藏八大山人讥讽满清的画作而惹祸上身,他装糊涂逃过了处罚。但他对中国画的写意从此有了恐惧。中国画的意境是他无法把握的,他不能看着好就学。\r\n雍正的三个儿子,弘时、弘历和弘昼又再延续上一代夺嫡的悲剧。弘历是既定的太子,老大弘时不服,竟派人暗杀弘历。事情败露后,雍正赐死了弘时。而雍正也从此一蹶不振。\r\n弘昼为避开残酷的宫廷斗争,整天装疯卖傻。他装乞丐、装女人、甚至装死人升天,并让郎世宁给他画这些污七八糟的像,说是可以避邪。他实际上是要表明,他不想跟弘历争权。心灰意冷的雍正听任弘昼瞎胡闹。毕竟,他只有两个儿子了,他不想再让他们争斗。\r\n铁血君主雍正后来被八阿哥收养的吕四娘刺杀,弘历即位,是为乾隆。\r\n乾隆当政,盛世来临。这位年轻的皇帝比他的祖父和父亲似乎有更多的闲情逸致,他也更喜爱郎世宁的绘画。风流倜傥的乾隆常与郎世宁一道吟诗作画,甚至还让郎世宁进入后宫,为他的爱妃们一一画像。他赏赐给郎世宁三品高官的地位,郎世宁成了御前画师。\r\n在为乾隆效力的时候,有一点让郎世宁特别困惑。即乾隆一方面对西方大国表示鄙夷,一方面又对西方文明兴
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